Tennessee has 33.9 days annually when the high temperature is over 90, which is hotter than most states in the U.S. Find out more [147] The TVA built several hydroelectric dams in the state in the 1930s and 1940s, which inundated communities and thousands of farmland acreage, and forcibly displaced families via eminent domain. [259] The foreign-born population consisted of approximately 49.9% from Latin America, 27.1% from Asia, 11.9% from Europe, 7.7% from Africa, 2.7% from Northern America, and 0.6% from Oceania. [273] Several Protestant denominations have their headquarters in Tennessee, including the Southern Baptist Convention and National Baptist Convention (in Nashville); the Church of God in Christ and the Cumberland Presbyterian Church (in Memphis);[274] and the Church of God and the Church of God of Prophecy (in Cleveland);[275][276] and the National Association of Free Will Baptists (in Antioch). [209], West of the Highland Rim is the Western Tennessee Valley, which consists of about 10 miles (16km) in width of hilly land along the banks of the Tennessee River. [415][416] Republicans currently hold the state's U.S. Senate seats, 7 out of 9 Congressional seats, 73 out of 99 state House seats, and 27 out of 33 state Senate seats. [127] Memphis became known as the "Cotton Capital of the World" during the late 19th century, and Nashville, Knoxville, and several smaller cities saw modest industrialization. Lee's 2nd term inauguration scheduled for Jan. 21. [110] The capture of Chattanooga allowed Sherman to launch the Atlanta campaign from the city in May 1864. [401] Both the Court of Appeals and the Court of Criminal Appeals have 12 judges, who are evenly from each Grand Division. The state's border with North Carolina roughly follows the highest peaks of this range, including Clingmans Dome. The Bulldogs jumped out to a fast start and were clearly motivated after getting shell-shocked by Tennessee a few games ago. [309] Tennessee also ranks as one of the largest producers of chemicals. Tennessee is the 36th-largest by area and the 15th-most populous of the 50 states. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1864-1872, November 18, 1864, Image 2", "As Georgia becomes a blue wedge in the Deep South, Tennessee cleaves tighter to the GOP", "Cost of Voting in the American States: 2020", "Howard Baker: Lessons From The 'Great Conciliator', "Loss In Home State Leaves Gore Depending on Florida", "Battleground no longer: Here's the Almanac of American Politics' overview of Tennessee", "Tennessee: McCain Leads Both Democrats by Double Digits", "New lieutenant governor outlines areas of interest", "Republicans claim majority in state House", "Tennessee Republicans, Once Moderate and Genteel, Turn Toxic in the Trump Era", "Tennessee Presidential Election Voting History", "Tennessee Voter Surveys: How Different Groups Voted", "Houston Oilers/Tennessee Oilers/Tennessee Titans Team Encyclopedia", "International League (AAA) Encyclopedia and History", "Southern League (AA) Encyclopedia and History", "Chattanooga Football Club Announces It Will Be Joining a Professional Soccer League", "Knoxville Ice Bears Minor League Hockey Statistics and Roster", "7 historical facts you need to know about Bristol Motor Speedway", "Fans cheer NASCAR's return to Nashville Superspeedway", "Iroquois Steeplechase is a historical tradition", "PGA Tour expected to announce plans for a WGC event in Memphis on Thursday", Tennessee Department of Tourist Development, Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, Tennessee State Profile and Energy Estimates, List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tennessee&oldid=1133821191, Monthly Normal High and Low Temperatures For Various Tennessee Cities (F), This page was last edited on 15 January 2023, at 18:00. [173][174] The cleanup cost more than $1 billion and lasted until 2015. [367], Tennessee has 107 private institutions. WebUseful content regarding Tennessee State Government and Governor Bill Haslam, as well as local government resources and state employee-related information. [339] The NPS also operates Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area, Cumberland Gap National Historical Park, Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail, Trail of Tears National Historic Trail, Andrew Johnson National Historic Site, and the Manhattan Project National Historical Park. The highest average monthly precipitation usually occurs between December and April. [180] Due to flooding of the Mississippi that has changed its path, the state's western boundary deviates from the river in some places. [22] The constitution was completed on February 6, which authorized elections for the state's new legislature, the Tennessee General Assembly. [347] The Tennessee State Museum in Nashville chronicles the state's history and culture. [125][126] Reformers worked to modernize Tennessee into a "New South" economy during this time. As a result, Tennessee was the last state to secede and the first readmitted to the Union after the war.[14]. [459] In Knoxville, the Tennessee Volunteers college teams play in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). [417] Tennessee does not require voters to declare a party affiliation when registering. The Tennessee River begins at the juncture of the Holston and French Broad rivers in Knoxville, flows southwest to Chattanooga, and exits into Alabama before reemerging in the western part of the state and flowing north into Kentucky. [42], In the 1750s and 1760s, longhunters from Virginia explored much of East and Middle Tennessee. I-155 is a branch route of I-55 that serves the northwestern part of the state. Tennessee, constituent state of the United States of America. Generally, the state has hot summers and mild to cool winters with generous precipitation throughout the year. [66] The act allowed the territory to petition for statehood once the population reached 60,000. [308] Chemical products manufactured in Tennessee include industrial chemicals, paints, pharmaceuticals, plastic resins, and soaps and hygiene products. [96], After Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860, secessionists in the state government led by Governor Isham Harris sought voter approval to sever ties with the United States, which was rejected in a referendum by a 5446% margin in February 1861. [300], The automotive industry is Tennessee's largest manufacturing sector and one of the nation's largest. Since 1826, Nashville has been the capital of Tennessee. 1 thing for teams, and Mississippi State had plenty. The state's highest point, which is also the third-highest peak in eastern North America, is Clingmans Dome, at 6,643 feet (2,025m) above sea level. WebThe University of Tennessee is comprised of the statewide Institute of Agriculture and Institute for Public Service Institute of Agriculture The UT Institute of Agriculture delivers real life solutions through $54.5 million in research, educational outreach to 3.3 million people and veterinary services to more than 21,000 animals annually. [459] Through the 202122 school year, the OVC also includes the Austin Peay Governors from Clarksville, the UT Martin Skyhawks from Martin, and the Tennessee Tech Golden Eagles from Cookeville. After the war, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory became a key center of scientific research. [171] In 2006, the state constitution was amended to outlaw same-sex marriage. WebThe University of Tennessee is comprised of the statewide Institute of Agriculture and Institute for Public Service Institute of Agriculture The UT Institute of Agriculture delivers real life solutions through $54.5 million in research, educational outreach to 3.3 million people and veterinary services to more than 21,000 animals annually. [399], Tennessee's highest court is the state Supreme Court. [165] Also known as the Knoxville International Energy Exposition, the fair's theme was "Energy Turns the World". Tennessee has a total of 976 miles (1,571km) of navigable waterways, the 11th highest in the nation. [457] The state has one minor league ice hockey team: the Knoxville Ice Bears, which began play in 2002 and are members of the Southern Professional Hockey League. About 14% of Tennesseans are non-religious, with 11% identifying as "Nothing in particular", 3% as agnostics, and 1% as atheists. The University of Tennessee system operates four primary campuses in Knoxville, Chattanooga, Martin, and Pulaski; a Health Sciences Center in Memphis; and an aerospace research facility in Tullahoma. About 81% of the population identifies as Christian, with Protestants making up 73% of the population. Fog is a persistent problem in some areas, especially in East Tennessee. [250] Memphis, with more than 630,000 inhabitants, was the state's largest city until 2016, when Nashville surpassed it. [286] Since 2016, Tennessee has had no inheritance tax. This time period has seen the birth of new economic sectors in the state and has positioned the Nashville and Clarksville metropolitan areas as two of the fastest-growing regions in the country. The geography of Tennessee is unique. [75][76] Tennessee was admitted to the Union on June 1, 1796, as the 16th state and the first created from federal territory. The current governor is Bill Lee, a Republican. [71] In June 1795, the legislature conducted a census of the territory, which recorded a population of 77,263, including 10,613 slaves, and a poll that showed 6,504 in favor of statehood and 2,562 opposed. [227] The Nashville Basin is renowned for its diversity of flora and fauna. Rapid civilizational development occurred during the Mississippian period, when Indigenous peoples developed organized chiefdoms and constructed numerous ceremonial structures throughout the state. [341][342] Tennessee maintains 56 state parks, covering 132,000 acres (530km2). [386] Tennessee currently has 2,604 miles (4,191km) of freight trackage in operation,[387] most of which are owned by CSX Transportation. [425], Between the end of Reconstruction and the mid-20th century, Tennessee voted consistently Democratic in Presidential elections, except in two nationwide Republican landslides in the 1920s. [241] Tornadoes are possible throughout the state, with West and Middle Tennessee the most vulnerable. [422] The second has been held continuously by Republicans or their antecedents since 1855. [188], Geological formations in Tennessee largely correspond with the state's topographic features, and, in general, decrease in age from east to west. WebTennessee State Government - TN.gov The Tennessee Conservationist Holiday Offer Request Your Free 2022 TN Vacation Guide Find a COVID-19 Vaccine Appointment Hub for Learning and Teaching Fiscal Year 2022-23 Budget The Tennessee Conservationist Holiday Offer Save on Conservationist Magazine Subscriptions! [362], Public higher education is overseen by the Tennessee Higher Education Commission (THEC), which provides guidance to the state's two public university systems. [302] Two other automakers have assembly plants in Tennessee: General Motors in Spring Hill and Volkswagen in Chattanooga. [64] Efforts to obtain admission to the Union failed, and the counties, now numbering eight, rejoined North Carolina by 1788. [b] Recent research suggests that the Cherokees adapted the name from the Yuchi word Tana-tsee-dgee, meaning "brother-waters-place" or "where-the-waters-meet". [223] Tennessee is the most biodiverse inland state,[224] the Great Smoky Mountains National Park is the most biodiverse national park,[225][226] and the Duck River is the most biologically diverse waterway in North America. [352] The 1927 Victor recording sessions in Bristol generally mark the beginning of the country music genre and the rise of the Grand Ole Opry in the 1930s helped make Nashville the center of the country music recording industry. Winters tend to be mild to cool, decreasing in temperature at higher elevations. [240] The state annually averages about 50 days of thunderstorms, which can be severe with large hail and damaging winds. [428] During the first half of the 20th century, state politics were dominated by the Democratic Crump machine in Memphis. [141] In 1925, John T. Scopes, a high school teacher in Dayton, was tried and convicted for teaching evolution in violation of the state's recently passed Butler Act. [287] Local sales taxes are collected in most jurisdictions at rates varying from 1.5% to 2.75%, bringing the total sales tax between 8.5% and 9.75%. [97] After the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter in April and Lincoln's call for troops in response, the legislature ratified an agreement to enter a military league with the Confederacy on May 7, 1861. [295] The state's timber industry is largely concentrated on the Cumberland Plateau and ranks as one of the top producers of hardwood nationwide. It is the 16th smallest state in land area. The state's oldest rocks are igneous strata more than 1 billion years old found in the Blue Ridge Mountains,[189][190] and the youngest deposits in Tennessee are sands and silts in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain and river valleys that drain into the Mississippi River. [242] They can be severe, and the state leads the nation in the percentage of total tornadoes that have fatalities. [455] Chattanooga Red Wolves SC has been a member of the third-tier USL League One since 2019. [120] Because Tennessee had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment before its readmission to the Union, it was the only former secessionist state that did not have a military governor during Reconstruction. [371], Tennessee is home to more than 120 newspapers. Webchoose the site nearest you: chattanooga; clarksville; cookeville; jackson; knoxville; memphis; nashville; tri-cities Discover the best road trip destinations, new places to eat and more in your free printed guide or e-guide. A local activist group spent many years contesting the project, and in 1971, the U.S. Supreme Court sided with the group and established the framework for judicial review of government agencies in the landmark case of Citizens to Preserve Overton Park v. [251] Knoxville, with about 190,000 inhabitants, and Chattanooga, with about 180,000 residents, are the third- and fourth-largest cities, respectively. ", "Yet again, Tennessee combined state, local sales tax rates nation's highest", "McMinnville, Tennessee: Nursery Capital of the World", Economic Impacts of Forestry and Forest Product Industries in Tennessee, "Who makes the most cars in North America? [349] Memphis was historically home to Sun Records, where musicians such as Elvis Presley, Johnny Cash, Carl Perkins, Jerry Lee Lewis, Roy Orbison, and Charlie Rich began their recording careers, and where rock and roll took shape in the 1950s. Snowfall ranges from 5 inches (13cm) in West Tennessee to over 80 inches (200cm) in East Tennessee's highest mountains. [60] The next year, the settlers signed the Cumberland Compact, which established a representative government for the colony called the Cumberland Association. [249] In addition to the major cities, the Tri-Cities of Kingsport, Bristol, and Johnson City are considered the sixth major population center. They were checked by John Schofield at Franklin in November and completely dispersed by George Thomas at Nashville in December. [397] Special sessions may be called by the governor or by two-thirds of the members of both chambers. Department of Revenue David Gerregano, Commissioner 500 Deaderick Street Nashville, TN 37242 Department Contact Information Senator from Tennessee, failed to carry his home state, an unusual occurrence but indicative of strengthening Republican support. [94] Tennessee provided more Union troops than any other Confederate state, and the second-highest number of Confederate troops, behind Virginia. [67] President George Washington appointed William Blount as territorial governor. [392], Like the federal government, Tennessee's government has three branches. [328] Iron ore was another major mineral mined in Tennessee until the early 20th century. [43] Settlers from the Colony of South Carolina built Fort Loudoun on the Little Tennessee River in 1756, the first British settlement in what is now Tennessee and the westernmost British outpost to that date. km, the State of Tennessee is located in the South-Eastern region of the United States. [433] In the 2000 presidential election, Vice President Al Gore, who had previously served as a Democratic U.S. [389] BNSF operates a major intermodal facility in Memphis. In the southeast U.S. region that includes Tennessee, the Kraken strain is the second-most prevalent strain, making up about 31% of all cases, CDC data show. [443], Tennessee is home to four major professional sports franchises:[444] the Tennessee Titans have played in the National Football League (NFL) since 1997,[445] the Nashville Predators have played in the National Hockey League (NHL) since 1998,[446] the Memphis Grizzlies have played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) since 2001,[447] and Nashville SC has played in Major League Soccer (MLS) since 2020. [323] Other major mineral products produced in Tennessee include sand, gravel, crushed stone, Portland cement, marble, sandstone, common clay, lime, and zinc. [289], Tennessee has the eighth-most farms in the nation, which cover more than 40% of its land area and have an average size of about 155 acres (0.63km2). It is bordered by eight states, with Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, Arkansas to the west, and Missouri to [129][130], Despite New South promoters' efforts, agriculture continued to dominate Tennessee's economy. Local law enforcement is divided between county sheriff's offices and municipal police departments. WebTennessee's third-largest city perfectly blends outdoor recreation with urban amenities. [217] Its principal branches in Tennessee are the Obey, Caney Fork, Stones, Harpeth, and Red rivers. [294], The state ranks fourth nationwide in the production of tobacco, which is predominantly grown in the Ridge-and-Valley region of East Tennessee. [375] The Grand Ole Opry, based in Nashville, is the longest-running radio show in the country, having broadcast continuously since 1925. The University of Tennessee is comprised of the statewide Institute of Agriculture and Institute for Public Service Institute of Agriculture The UT Institute of Agriculture delivers real life solutions through $54.5 million in research, educational outreach to 3.3 million people and veterinary services to more than 21,000 animals annually. The Nashville Sounds, which began play in 1978,[449] and Memphis Redbirds, which began in 1998,[450] each compete in the International League at the Triple-A level, the highest before Major League Baseball. [379] Of the state's highways, 1,233 miles (1,984km) are part of the Interstate Highway System. [24] The Archaic peoples first domesticated dogs, and plants such as squash, corn, gourds, and sunflowers were first grown in Tennessee during the Woodland period. [107], During the Chattanooga campaign, Confederates attempted to besiege the Army of the Cumberland into surrendering, but reinforcements from the Army of the Tennessee under the command of Grant, William Tecumseh Sherman, and Joseph Hooker arrived. [280] Unionization has historically been low and continues to decline, as in most of the U.S.[281], Tennessee has a reputation as a low-tax state and is usually ranked as one of the five states with the lowest tax burden on residents. [3] Tennessee has the most caves in the United States, with more than 10,000 documented. The Highland Rim is Tennessee's largest geographic region, and is often split into eastern and western halves. Volpe. It is bordered by Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, Arkansas to the southwest, and Missouri to the northwest. [74] During this convention, the name Tennessee was chosen for the new state. [183] An 1818 survey erroneously placed Tennessee's southern border 1 mile (1.6km) south of the 35th parallel; Georgia legislators continue to dispute this placement, as it prevents Georgia from accessing the Tennessee River. [343] Many reservoirs created by TVA dams have also generated water-based tourist attractions. Motivation is the No. Each county elects a sheriff, property assessor, trustee, register of deeds, and county clerk. [128] An armed uprising in the Cumberland Mountains known as the Coal Creek War in 1891 and 1892 resulted in the state ending convict leasing. [89] Cotton also took hold in the Nashville Basin during this time. Along with projectile points common for this period, archaeologists in Williamson County have uncovered a 12,000-year-old mastodon skeleton with cut marks typical of prehistoric hunters.. [139] On July 9, 1918, Tennessee suffered the worst rail accident in U.S. history when two passenger trains collided head on in Nashville, killing 101 and injuring 171. [16] The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the nation's most visited national park, is in eastern Tennessee. [306][307] The state is also one of the top producers of food and drink products, its second-largest manufacturing sector. [118] Johnson became vice president when Lincoln was reelected, and president after Lincoln's assassination in May 1865. [156] On April 4, 1968, James Earl Ray assassinated civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. in Memphis. [196] The Appalachian Trail roughly follows the North Carolina state line before shifting westward into Tennessee. [82][83] In 1818, Jackson and Kentucky governor Isaac Shelby reached an agreement with the Chickasaw to sell the land between the Mississippi and Tennessee Rivers to the United States, which included all of West Tennessee and became known as the "Jackson Purchase". [269][270], Since colonization, Tennessee has always been predominantly Christian. [321] Tennessee is a net consumer of electricity, receiving power from other TVA facilities in neighboring states. Tennessee's third-largest city perfectly blends outdoor recreation with urban amenities. The TBI is the primary state-level criminal investigative department. [230] Pine forests are also found throughout the state. The Bulldogs jumped out to a fast start and were clearly motivated after getting shell-shocked by Tennessee a few games ago. [394] The legislature convenes at noon on the second Tuesday in January and meets for a total of 90 days over two sessions, usually adjourning in late April or early May. In the early 1900s, the state legislature approved legislation allowing cities to adopt a commission form of government based on at-large voting as a means to limit African American political participation. Tennessee Firearms Classifieds Choose City/Region Chattanooga Clarksville Cookeville Jackson Knoxville Memphis Murfreesboro Nashville Tri-cities Tullahoma Choose a category: All Categories Firearms Antique Firearms Handguns Muzzle Loaders NFA Firearms Rifles Shotguns Firearm Accessories Ammo Gun Parts Gun Safes Holsters Magazines Optics Reloading It is located in the upper South of the eastern United States and became the 16th state of the union in 1796. [350], Many museums and historic sites recognize Tennessee's role in nurturing various forms of popular music, including Sun Studio, Memphis Rock N' Soul Museum, Stax Museum of American Soul Music, and Blues Hall of Fame in Memphis, the Ryman Auditorium, Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum, National Museum of African American Music, and Music Row in Nashville, the International Rock-A-Billy Museum in Jackson, the Mountain Music Museum in Kingsport, and the Birthplace of Country Music Museum in Bristol. In 1788, North Carolina created "Tennessee County", and in 1796, a constitutional convention, organizing the new state out of the Southwest Territory, adopted "Tennessee" as the state's name. [364] Until 2017, the TBR also operated six public universities in the state; it now only gives them administrative support. The Blue Ridge Mountains along the eastern border reach some of the highest elevations in eastern North America, and the Cumberland Plateau contains many scenic valleys and waterfalls. The most-circulated paid newspapers in the state include The Tennessean in Nashville, The Commercial Appeal in Memphis, the Knoxville News Sentinel, the Chattanooga Times Free Press, and The Leaf-Chronicle in Clarksville, The Jackson Sun, and The Daily News Journal in Murfreesboro. [70] The full legislature convened on August 25, 1794. [441] Since 2016, Tennessee has been the most populous state to vote Republican by more than 60% in presidential elections,[442] and in 2020 voted Republican by the largest margin of any state in terms of number of votes. Tennessee Governor Bill Lee's second term inauguration is set for Jan. 21, 2023. [330], Tennessee is the 11th-most visited state in the nation,[332] receiving a record of 126 million tourists in 2019. [220] All three of these basins are tributaries of the Ohio River watershed. [321] Tennessee is the nation's leading producer of ball clay. Many consider Memphis's Beale Street the epicenter of the blues, with musicians such as W. C. Handy performing in its clubs as early as 1909. [213] This flat 10 to 14 miles (16 to 23km) wide strip is commonly known as the Mississippi Bottoms, and contains lowlands, floodplains, and swamps. [177] It borders eight other states: Kentucky and Virginia to the north, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi on the south, and Arkansas and Missouri on the west. In 1567, Spanish explorer Captain Juan Pardo and his party encountered a Native American village named "Tanasqui" in the area while traveling inland from modern-day South Carolina; however, it is unknown if this was the same settlement as Tanasi. [435][436] In 2004, Republican President George W. Bush increased his margin of victory in the state to 14% from 4% in 2000. The Bulldogs jumped out to a fast start and were clearly motivated after getting shell-shocked by Tennessee a few games ago. [62] That same year John Sevier led a group of Overmountain Men from Fort Watauga to the Battle of Kings Mountain in South Carolina, where they defeated the British. The case was intentionally publicized,[143] and highlighted the creationism-evolution controversy among religious groups. [146] As part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was created in 1933 to provide electricity, jobs, flood control, improved waterway navigation, agricultural development, and economic modernization to the Tennessee River Valley. WebTennessee Gov. WebTennessee Back to Help Center BlueCross BlueShield of Tennessee General Inquiries 1-423-535-5600 BlueCross BlueShield of Tennessee 1 Cameron Hill Circle Chattanooga, TN 37402 www.bcbst.com Customer Service 1-423-535-5707 1-800-572-1003 Weekdays from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. Eastern time Precertification 1-800-228-2096 Mountains National Park, the automotive industry is Tennessee 's highest court is the state-level... Industrial chemicals, paints, pharmaceuticals, plastic resins, and president after Lincoln assassination. City until 2016, when Nashville surpassed it when Indigenous peoples developed organized chiefdoms and numerous. For its diversity of flora and fauna temperature at higher elevations in November and completely dispersed by George Thomas Nashville... Roughly follows the North Carolina roughly follows the highest peaks of this,! Be called by the governor or by two-thirds of the 20th century, politics! 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